Tallinn

Overview of Replications Plans submitted by Twin cities (Cohort 1, 2023-2025) The first cohort of the Twinning Learning Programme (Sept 2023 – May 2025) paired 56 Pilot Cities implementing 25 innovative climate-neutral activities with 37 Twin cities eager to replicate their approaches. Over nearly two years, cities engaged in a structured programme of online workshops, in-person visits, and facilitated exchanges, enabling Twin cities to closely follow pilot implementation and translate insights into Replication Plans tailored to their own contexts. The programme demonstrated that well-designed peer learning, anchored in real pilot projects, creates tangible outcomes. Twin cities developed Replication Plans across diverse areas such as sustainable mobility, energy decarbonisation, circular economy, and citizen engagement, while also contributing fresh perspectives that strengthened Pilot city efforts. The result is Europe’s largest peer-learning initiative under the Cities Mission, with 37 Replication Plans now paving the way toward climate neutrality across a broad range of local contexts.  Featured cities: Genoa, Issy-les Moulineaux, Tallinn, Jyvaskyla, Vilnius, Slavonski Brod, Eilat, Cologne, Soria,  Penteli, Waterford, Eskisehir, Vari-Voula-Vouliagmen, Gabrovo, Matosinhos, L'Aquila, Oulu, Belfast, Torres Vedras, Mytilene, Alba Iulia, Jerusalem, Reykjavik, Lorqui, Viladecans, Lund, Westminster, Wiesbaden, Krizevci, Palaio Faliro, Konya, Fundao, Taurage, Braga, Riga, Lulea, Wurzburg.

Instrument Overview A syndicated loan is a single borrowing/debt arrangement in which two or more lenders (banks or institutional investors, insurers) jointly provide a large loan to a single borrower under (one) loan agreement, typically arranged and administered by one or more lead arrangers or agents (senior syndicate members). The senior syndicate member is usually appointed by the borrower as mandated (lead) arranger to bring together a syndicate of financiers. Each lender holds a separate claim on the municipality, yet all operate under common terms.   Why it matters for cities Municipalities often require capital beyond what a single bank can supply, especially for major infrastructure, climate adaptation, or large-scale public projects. Syndication allows access to larger sums of money while distributing risk among lenders (depending on project size lenders might not be willing to take the full risk alone and require a syndicate). It also provides the opportunity to benefit from a wide range of experience among the different lenders.    Key features Lead Arrangers/Agents: They organize the loan, draft the term sheet, coordinate due diligence, are the main contact towards the borrower and invite other lenders to join. Single Arrangement/Multiple Lenders: Even though each lender holds an individual obligation, all operate under the same terms Types of Structures: Options include underwritten deals (arranger guarantees full funding), best-effort syndications (closing depends on interest), and smaller club deals of pre-selected lenders Facility Types: Can be term loans, revolving credit lines, acquisition/equipment lines – depending on the borrower’s needs   How It Works Mandate & Term Sheet: Municipality engages one or more arrangers who prepare a term sheet, specifying main aspects of the loan arrangement (amount, tenor, interest margin, fees, collateral, covenants) Syndication Phase: Lead arranger invites other banks/investors to join Documentation & Closing: All participants enter into the syndicated loan agreement. Collateral or security (e.g. pledges of revenue streams or assets) is finalized. Administration: Agent bank handles disbursements, interest collection, covenant monitoring, and communication among lenders Repayment: Municipality repays principal and interest according to schedule; in default, the agent or trustee enforces agreed remedies   Benefits & Challenges for Cities Benefits Access to larger capital amounts than a single lender can provide Spread risk among multiple institutions Potentially better pricing, especially if institutional investors participate Wide range of experience from different banks Challenges Complex negotiation and documentation (compared to one single lender) Higher upfront fees for lead arrangers Coordination among lenders (may cause complications in case of amendments or restructuring)   Use Cases In May 2023, Tallinna Vesi, the principal water utility serving Tallinn and its surrounding municipalities (with the city of Tallinn being one of the major shareholders), secured a €91 million syndicated loan. The agreement was signed with SEB Pank, Swedbank, and OP Corporate Bank. This loan was crafted to refinance €37.5 million in existing obligations and to propel essential investments in the utility’s water network, treatment facilities, and wastewater systems over 2023–2025. Crucially, this large-scale financing enabled Tallinna Vesi to align with the City of Tallinn’s water and wastewater development plan, securing a stable capital base for its medium-term investment trajectory. Then, in July 2024, the company elevated this conventional facility by introducing sustainability-linked criteria. With SEB Estonia serving as the sustainability coordinator, the amended loan now ties the interest margin to the company’s environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. Key performance indicators include: Share of renewable electricity generated by operations Reduction in electricity consumption Minimization of water losses Achievement of these targets results in a lower interest margin, while falling short leads to a higher borrowing cost. This case exemplifies how a municipal utility can structure a syndicated loan to not only finance large-scale infrastructure investments but also embed flexible, performance-based sustainability incentives—converting a standard financing vehicle into a strategic, climate-aligned instrument.   When to Use It When the funding requirement is too large for one bank When multiple revenue sources or assets can be pledged, attracting varied lender profiles If the municipality has strong creditworthiness, enabling competitive spreads with institutional participation When project complexity requires structured financing with clear covenant and reporting frameworks   References The syndicated loan market: structure, development and implications (2004, Blaise Gadanecz, BIS) The syndicated loan market: structure, development and implications - BIS Quarterly Review, part 7, December 2004 AS Tallinna Vesi signed a loan agreement for a total amount of EUR 91 million (2023, Financial Times) AS Tallinna Vesi signed a loan agreement for a total amount of EUR 91 million – Company Announcement - FT.com SEB’s first mandate for coordinating a sustainability-linked loan (2024, SEB) SEB’s first mandate for coordinating a sustainability-linked loan in the Baltics | SEB   Back to Finance Resource

Tallinn established its Energy Agency in 2013 to coordinate the formulation of energy and climate policies by municipal agencies. It is responsible for fulfilling and accounting for the objectives of the Covenant of Mayors and for promoting the need for climate action by residents and energy-efficient renovation of private buildings.